The term “Moharebeh” (translated as waging war against society) is a concept rooted in Islamic jurisprudence and codified in Iran’s Islamic Penal Code as a serious capital offense. It is typically use...
2025-08-01
In recent years, one of the most commonly used charges in politically sensitive or media-related cases in Iran is “propaganda against the Islamic Republic.” This charge often appears in files involvin...
2025-07-29
Under Iranian criminal law, membership in terrorist or armed groups is classified as a serious national security offense. Anyone who joins, supports, or cooperates with a group that seeks to overthrow...
2025-07-26
Espionage is one of the most serious criminal offenses under Iranian law, typically involving the collection, transmission, or disclosure of classified or sensitive national information to foreign ent...
2025-07-23
One of the most sensitive criminal charges in the Iranian legal system is insulting Islamic sanctities. This offense is treated with the utmost seriousness, and in some cases, may carry the death pena...
2025-07-20
The term “Efsad Fel Arz” (corruption on earth) is one of the most severe offenses in Iran’s Islamic Penal Code. Rooted in Quranic and Islamic legal concepts, it applies to widespread and destructive c...
2025-07-17
Under Iranian law, one of the key security-related offenses is “conspiracy and collusion against national security.” This charge is typically used in cases where two or more people coordinate or plan ...
2025-07-14
